Echiche nke chlorine fọdụrụnụ
Chlorine fọdụrụnụ bụ ọnụọgụ chlorine dị n'ime mmiri ka emechara mmiri na chlorine ma kpochapụ ya.
A na-agbakwunye akụkụ a nke chlorine n'oge usoro ọgwụgwọ mmiri iji gbuo nje bacteria, microorganisms, organic matter and inorganic matter na mmiri.Chlorine fọdụrụnụ bụ ihe dị mkpa na-egosi mmetụta nsị nke ahụ mmiri.Enwere ike kewaa chlorine fọdụrụnụ ụzọ abụọ, ya bụ chlorine fọdụrụnụ n'efu na chlorine fọdụrụnụ jikọtara ọnụ.Chlorine fọdụrụ n'efu na-agụnye chlorine efu n'ụdị Cl2, HOCl, OCl-, wdg;Ngwakọta chlorine residual bụ chloramine ihe emepụtara mgbe mmeghachi omume nke chlorine na ammonium n'efu, dị ka NH2Cl, NHCl2, NCl3, wdg. chlorine fọdụrụnụ jikọtara ọnụ.
A na-atụkarị chlorine fọdụrụnụ na milligram kwa liter.Ọnụ ego chlorine fọdụrụ kwesịrị ịdị mma, ọ bụghị oke ma ọ bụ dị ala.Nnukwu chlorine fọdụrụnụ ga-eme ka mmiri na-esi ísì, ebe chlorine fọdụrụnụ dị ntakịrị nwere ike ime ka mmiri ghara inwe ike ịnọgide na-enwe ọgwụ mgbochi ma belata nchekwa ịdị ọcha nke mmiri.Ya mere, na ọgwụgwọ mmiri mgbata, a na-enyocha ọkwa nke chlorine fọdụrụnụ ma na-edozi ya iji hụ na nchekwa na mma nke mmiri dị mma.
Ọrụ chlorine n'ime ọgwụgwọ nsị n'obodo mepere emepe
1. Ọrụ disinfection chlorine
Chlorination bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ nsị mmiri n'obodo mepere emepe.Isi ọrụ ya bụ ndị a:
1. Mmetụta disinfection dị mma
Na ọgwụgwọ nsị, chlorine nwere ike igbu ọtụtụ nje bacteria na nje.Chlorine na-egbochi microorganisms site na oxidizing protein ha na nucleic acid.Na mgbakwunye, chlorine nwere ike igbu akwa na cysts nke ụfọdụ nje nje.
2. Mmetụta oxidizing na àgwà mmiri
Ịgbakwunye chlorine nwekwara ike oxidize organic okwu na mmiri, na-eme ka organic okwu na-erere n'ime inorganic acid, carbon dioxide na ihe ndị ọzọ.Chlorine na-emeghachi omume na ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri na-emepụta oxidants dị ka hypochlorous acid na chlorine monoxide, nke n'aka nke ya na-emebi ihe ndị ahụ.
3. Na-egbochi uto nje
Ịgbakwunye chlorine kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike igbochi uto nke ụfọdụ microorganisms, belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke sludge na tank mmeghachi omume, ma belata ihe isi ike na ọnụ ahịa ọgwụgwọ na-esote.
2. Uru na Ọdịmma nke Ngwọta Chlorine
1. Uru
(1) Mmetụta na-ekpochapụ nke ọma: Ngwọta chlorine kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike igbu ọtụtụ nje bacteria na nje.
(2) Dosing dị mfe: Ngwá ọrụ chlorine dosing nwere usoro dị mfe ma dị mfe idowe.
(3) Ọnụ ala: Ọnụ nke akụrụngwa nnyefe chlorine dị ala ma dị mfe ịzụta.
2. Ọdịmma
(1) Chlorine na-emepụta ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ dị ka hypochloronitrile: Mgbe chlorine na-emeghachi omume na ihe ndị nwere nitrogen, a na-emepụta ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ dị ka hypochloronitrile, nke ga-ebute mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi.
(2) Nsogbu fọdụrụnụ chlorine: Ụfọdụ ngwaahịa chlorine anaghị agbanwe agbanwe ma ga-anọgide na mmiri, na-emetụta iji mmiri eme ihe ma ọ bụ nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi.
3. Okwu ndị dị mkpa ka e lebara anya mgbe ị na-agbakwunye chlorine
1. Ịta chlorine
Ọ bụrụ na mkpokọta chlorine dị ntakịrị, a pụghị imezu mmetụta disinfection yana enweghị ike mebie nsị mmiri nke ọma;ọ bụrụ na mkpokọta chlorine dị oke elu, ọdịnaya chlorine fọdụrụnụ n'ime ahụ ga-adị elu, na-ebute mmerụ ahụ n'ahụ mmadụ.
2. Oge ịgba ọgwụ chlorine
Ekwesịrị ịhọrọ oge ịgba ọgwụ chlorine n'oge usoro ikpeazụ nke usoro ọgwụgwọ nsị iji gbochie nsị na-efunahụ chlorine ma ọ bụ mepụta ngwaahịa ịgba ụka ndị ọzọ na usoro ndị ọzọ, si otú ahụ na-emetụta mmetụta disinfection.
3. Nhọrọ nke ngwaahịa chlorine
Ngwaahịa chlorine dị iche iche nwere ọnụ ahịa na arụmọrụ dị iche iche na ahịa, na nhọrọ nke ngwaahịa kwesịrị ịdabere n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.
Na nkenke, ịgbakwụnye chlorine bụ otu n'ime ụzọ dị irè maka ọgwụgwọ na mkpocha mmiri nsị n'obodo ukwu.N'ime usoro ọgwụgwọ nsị mmiri, iji ezi uche eme ihe na ntụtụ chlorine nwere ike hụ na nchekwa dị mma nke mmiri na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma ọgwụgwọ nsị.Otú ọ dị, e nwekwara ụfọdụ nkọwa nkà na ụzụ na ihe nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi dị mkpa ka a ṅaa ntị mgbe ị na-agbakwunye chlorine.
Kedu ihe kpatara eji agbakwunye chlorine na ọgwụgwọ mmiri:
N'ebe a na-asọpụta mmiri nke mmiri pọmpụ na ebe a na-ahụ maka nsị, a na-eji usoro nsị chlorine eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe iji gbuo nje bacteria na nje na mmiri.Na ọgwụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ekesa mmiri jụrụ oyi, a na-ejikwa chlorine sterilization na usoro iwepụ algae, n'ihi na n'oge usoro mgbasa ozi mmiri jụrụ oyi, n'ihi ikuku nke akụkụ nke mmiri, a na-etinye ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ na mmiri, nje bacteria na microorganisms ndị ọzọ. ga-amụba na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu, ma ọ dị mfe ịmepụta slime Dirt, ngafe slime na unyi nwere ike ime ka ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ na corrosion.
Ọ bụrụ na mkpokọta chlorine fọdụrụ na mmiri pọmpụ dị oke oke, ihe egwu ndị bụ isi bụ:
1. Ọ na-akpasu iwe na-emerụ ahụ na usoro iku ume.
2. Ọ na-eme ngwa ngwa na ihe ndị dị ndụ na mmiri iji mepụta carcinogens dị ka chloroform na chloroform.
3. Dị ka ihe mmepụta ihe, ọ nwere ike inwe mmetụta ọjọọ.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe a na-eji ya emepụta ngwaahịa mmanya osikapa, ọ na-enwe mmetụta bactericidal na yist na usoro ịgba ụka ma na-emetụta àgwà nke mmanya ahụ.N'ihi na a na-ejikarị chlorine eme ka mmiri pọmpụ dị ọcha, na chlorine fọdụrụnụ ga-emepụta carcinogens dị ka chloroform n'oge usoro ikpo ọkụ.Ịṅụ mmanya ogologo oge ga-emerụ ahụ mmadụ nnukwu nsogbu.Karịsịa n'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, mmetọ isi mmiri na-adịwanye njọ, nke na-eduga kpọmkwem na mmụba nke ọdịnaya chlorine fọdụrụnụ na mmiri mgbata.
Kedu usoro nha maka chlorine fọdụrụnụ?
1. DPD colorimetry
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Ụkpụrụ: N'okpuru ọnọdụ pH 6.2 ~ 6.5, ClO2 na-emeghachi omume na DPD na nzọụkwụ 1 iji mepụta ogige uhie, ma ego ahụ na-egosi na ọ bụ nanị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ ise nke mkpokọta chlorine dị ya (nke kwekọrọ na mbenata ClO2 na ions chlorite) otu.Ọ bụrụ na ihe nlele mmiri na-eme acidified n'ihu iodide, chlorite na chlorate na-emeghachikwa omume, na mgbe a na-ewepụ ya site na mgbakwunye nke bicarbonate, agba nke na-esi na ya kwekọrọ na mkpokọta chlorine dị na ClO2.Enwere ike ịchịkwa nnyonye anya nke chlorine efu site na ịgbakwunye glycine.Ihe ndabere bụ na glycine nwere ike gbanwee chlorine efu ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ chlorinated aminoacetic acid, mana enweghị mmetụta na ClO2.
2. Usoro electrode mkpuchi
Ụkpụrụ: A na-emikpu electrode n'ime ụlọ electrolyte, ụlọ electrolyte na-ejikọta na mmiri site na akpụkpọ anụ hydrophilic porous.Hypochlorous acid na-agbasa n'ime oghere electrolyte site na akpụkpọ ahụ hydrophilic porous, na-eme ugbu a n'elu electrode.Ogo nke ugbu a dabere na ọsọ nke hypochlorous acid na-agbasa n'ime oghere electrolyte.Ọnụego mgbasa ahụ dabara na ntinye nke chlorine fọdụrụ na ngwọta.Tulee nha ugbu a.Enwere ike ikpebi ntinye nke chlorine fọdụrụ na ngwọta.
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3. Usoro electrode voltaji mgbe niile (usoro electrode na-enweghị membraneless)
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Ụkpụrụ: A na-edobe ikike kwụsiri ike n'etiti nha na electrodes, na akụkụ dị iche iche a tụrụ atụ ga-emepụta ike dị ugbu a dị iche iche na ike a.Ọ nwere electrodes platinum abụọ na electrode ntụaka iji mepụta usoro nha microcurrent.N'ebe eletrọd a na-atụ ihe, a na-eri molekul chlorine ma ọ bụ hypochlorite, na ike nke ugbu a na-emepụta na-ejikọta na ntinye nke chlorine fọdụrụ n'ime mmiri.
Ngwa ihe atụ chlorine fọdụrụnụ nke Lianhua LH-P3CLO na-eji usoro nchọpụta DPD, nke dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ ma nwee ike rụpụta nsonaazụ ngwa ngwa.Naanị ị ga-agbakwunye reagents 2 na ihe nlele a ga-anwale, ma ị nwere ike nweta nsonaazụ ntụnyere agba.Ogologo nha nha dị obosara, ihe ndị a chọrọ dị mfe, yana nsonaazụ ya ziri ezi.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-30-2024
