Gịnị mere mmiri mkpofu nnu dị elu ji esi ike ịgwọ?Anyị ga-ebu ụzọ ghọta ihe mmiri mkpofu nnu dị elu na mmetụta mmiri nnu nnu nwere na sistemu biochemical!Edemede a na-atụle naanị ọgwụgwọ biochemical nke mmiri mkpofu nwere nnukwu nnu!
1. Gịnị bụ nnukwu mmiri mkpofu nnu?
Mmiri mkpofu nnu dị elu na-ezo aka na mmiri mkpofu nwere ngụkọta nnu nke opekata mpe 1% (dakọtara na 10,000mg/L).Ọ na-esite na osisi kemịkal na nchịkọta na nhazi mmanụ na gas.Mmiri a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nwere ihe dị iche iche (gụnyere nnu, mmanụ, ọla dị arọ nke organic na ihe redioactive).A na-emepụta mmiri mkpofu nnu site n'ọtụtụ ebe dị iche iche, ọnụ ọgụgụ mmiri na-abawanye kwa afọ.Iwepụ ihe ndị na-emerụ emerụ na mmiri mkpofu nnu nwere mmetụta dị mkpa na gburugburu ebe obibi.A na-eji usoro ndu maka ọgwụgwọ.Ihe nnu na-etinye uche dị elu nwere mmetụta mgbochi na microorganisms.A na-eji usoro anụ ahụ na kemịkal eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ, nke chọrọ nnukwu ego na ụgwọ ọrụ dị elu, ọ na-esikwa ike iji nweta mmetụta dị ọcha a tụrụ anya ya.Iji usoro ndu na-agwọ ụdị mmiri dị otú ahụ ka bụ ihe a na-elekwasị anya na nyocha n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ.
Ụdị na ihe ndị dị na kemịkalụ nke ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri na-ekpofu mmiri dị nnu na-adịgasị iche iche dabere na usoro mmepụta, ma nnu dị n'ime ya bụ nnu dị ka Cl-, SO42-, Na+, Ca2+.Ọ bụ ezie na ion ndị a bụ ihe oriri dị mkpa maka uto nke microorganisms, ha na-ekere òkè dị mkpa n'ịkwalite mmeghachi omume enzymatic, na-edobe nguzozi akpụkpọ ahụ na ịchịkwa nrụgide osmotic n'oge uto nke microorganisms.Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ntinye nke ion ndị a dị elu, ọ ga-enwe mmetụta mgbochi na nsị na microorganisms.Ihe ngosi ndị bụ isi bụ: nnu nnu dị elu, nrụgide osmotic dị elu, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ microbial, na-akpata nkewa protoplasm cell;nnu nnu na-ebelata ọrụ dehydrogenase;nnukwu ion chloride nje bacteria na-egbu egbu;ntinye nnu dị elu, njupụta nke mmiri mkpofu na-abawanye, na sludge na-arụ ọrụ na-agba ọsọ ngwa ngwa ma na-efunahụ ya, si otú a na-emetụta mmetụta dị ọcha nke usoro ọgwụgwọ ndu.
2. Mmetụta nke salinity na usoro biochemical
1. Na-eduga na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na ọnwụ nke microorganisms
N'ebe nnu dị elu dị elu, mgbanwe nke nrụgide osmotic bụ isi ihe kpatara ya.Ime nke nje bacteria bụ ebe mechiri emechi.Ọ ghaghị ịgbanwe ihe ndị bara uru na ume na gburugburu ebe dịpụrụ adịpụ iji nọgide na-enwe ike.Otú ọ dị, ọ ga-egbochikwa ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị n'èzí ịbanye iji zere imebi biochemistry dị n'ime.Ntinye aka na mgbochi nke nzaghachi.
Mmụba nke ntinye nnu na-eme ka ntinye nke ngwọta dị n'ime nje bacteria dị ala karịa ụwa.Ọzọkwa, n'ihi njirimara nke mmiri na-esi na ntinye uche dị ala gaa na ntinye dị elu, nnukwu mmiri na-efunahụ nje bacteria, na-eme mgbanwe na gburugburu ebe obibi mmeghachi omume biochemical dị n'ime ha, n'ikpeazụ na-ebibi usoro mmeghachi omume biochemical ha ruo mgbe ọ kwụsịrị., nje bacteria na-anwụ.
2. Na-etinye aka na usoro ntinye nke ihe microbial na igbochi ọnwụ ha
Akpụkpọ ahụ cell nwere njiri mara ikike nke nhọrọ iji nzacha ihe ndị na-emerụ ihe omume ndụ nje na itinye ihe ndị bara uru na ọrụ ndụ ya.Usoro ntinye a na-emetụta kpọmkwem site na ntinye ngwọta, ịdị ọcha ihe, wdg nke gburugburu ebe obibi.Mgbakwunye nke nnu na-eme ka a na-egbochi ma ọ bụ gbochie gburugburu ebe mmịnye nje bacteria, n'ikpeazụ na-eme ka a kwụsị ọrụ ndụ nje bacteria ma ọ bụ ọbụna nwụọ.Ọnọdụ a na-adịgasị iche nke ukwuu n'ihi ọnọdụ nje nke onye ọ bụla, ọnọdụ ụdị, ụdị nnu na ntinye nnu.
3. Nsi na ọnwụ nke microorganisms
Ụfọdụ nnu ga-abanye n'ime nje bacteria na ihe omume ndụ ha, na-ebibi usoro mmeghachi omume nke biochemical nke dị n'ime ha, ụfọdụ ga-ejikọtakwa akpụkpọ ahụ nke nje bacteria, na-eme ka ihe onwunwe ha gbanwee ma ghara ichebe ha ma ọ bụ enwekwaghị ike ịmịkọrọ ụfọdụ. ihe na-emerụ ahụ na nje bacteria.Ihe ndị bara uru, si otú ahụ na-eme ka a kwụsị ọrụ dị mkpa nke nje bacteria ma ọ bụ nwụọ.N'ime ha, salts metal dị arọ bụ ndị nnọchiteanya, na ụfọdụ ụzọ ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi na-eji ụkpụrụ a.
Nnyocha na-egosi na mmetụta salinity dị elu na ọgwụgwọ biochemical na-apụtakarị n'akụkụ ndị a:
1. Ka salinity na-abawanye, uto nke sludge na-arụ ọrụ na-emetụta.Mgbanwe na ngbanwe nke uto ya bụ ndị a: oge mgbanwe na-adị ogologo;ọnụego uto na oge uto logarithmic na-adị nwayọọ;na oge nke mbelata oge uto na-adị ogologo.
2. Salinity na-ewusi ume iku ume microbial na cell lysis.
3. Salinity na-ebelata biodegradability na mmebi nke ihe ndị dị ndụ.Belata ọnụego mwepụ na mbelata nke ihe ndị dị ndụ.
3. Kedu ka ntinye nnu dị elu nke usoro biochemical nwere ike isi nagide?
Dị ka "Ụdị Ogo Mmiri nke Mmiri maka nsị na-agbaba n'ime ebe a na-agbapụta n'ime obodo" (CJ-343-2010), mgbe ị na-abanye n'ebe a na-edozi mmiri maka ọgwụgwọ nke abụọ, àgwà nke nsị na-agbapụta n'ime ụlọ mposi obodo kwesịrị ịgbaso ihe achọrọ nke ọkwa B (Table). 1), n'ime nke chlorine Chemicals 600 mg/L, sulfate 600 mg/l.
Dị ka ihe odide ntụkwasị 3 nke "Code for Design of Outdoor Drainage" (GBJ 14-87) (GB50014-2006 na 2011 mbipụta adịghị ezipụta nnu ọdịnaya), "Ikwenye ntinye nke emerụ bekee na ntinye mmiri nke usoro ọgwụgwọ ndu", Ntinye uche nke sodium chloride bụ 4000 mg / L.
Ahụmahụ ahụmịhe injinia na-egosi na mgbe ntinye ion chloride dị na mmiri mkpofu karịrị 2000mg / L, a ga-egbochi ọrụ microorganisms yana ọnụego mwepụ COD ga-ebelata nke ukwuu;Mgbe ntinye ion chloride na mmiri mkpofu karịrị 8000mg / L, a ga-abawanye olu sludge.Mgbasawanye, nnukwu ụfụfụ na-apụta n'elu mmiri, microorganisms ga-anwụ n'otu n'otu.
N'okpuru ọnọdụ nkịtị, anyị kwenyere na ntinye ion chloride karịrị 2000mg/L yana ọdịnaya nnu na-erughị 2% (nke dabara na 20000mg/L) nwere ike ịgwọ ya site na usoro sludge arụ ọrụ.Otú ọ dị, ka ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ dị elu nke nnu dị, ọ na-adịkwu ogologo oge.Ma cheta otu ihe, Ọdịnaya nnu nke mmiri na-abata aghaghị ịdịgidesi ike na enweghị ike ịgbanwe nke ukwuu, ma ọ bụghị ya, usoro biochemical agaghị enwe ike iguzogide ya.
4. Usoro maka usoro ọgwụgwọ biochemical nke mmiri mkpofu nnu dị elu
1. Domestication nke sludge na-arụ ọrụ
Mgbe salinity na-erughị 2g/L, a pụrụ ịgwọ nsị nnu nnu site na ụlọ.Site na iji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye ọdịnaya nnu nke mmiri nri biochemical, microorganisms ga-edozi nrụgide osmotic dị n'ime sel ma ọ bụ chebe protoplasm n'ime sel site na usoro nhazi nke osmotic nke ha.Usoro nchịkwa ndị a na-agụnye nchịkọta nke ihe dị arọ dị ala iji mepụta oyi akwa nchebe extracellular ma na-achịkwa onwe ha.Ụzọ nke metabolic, mgbanwe nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, wdg.
Ya mere, sludge na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma nwere ike ịgwọ mmiri mkpofu nnu dị elu n'ime oke ntinye nnu site na ime ụlọ ruo oge ụfọdụ.Ọ bụ ezie na sludge na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike ịbawanye ụba nke ntanye nnu nke usoro ahụ ma melite arụmọrụ nke usoro ahụ site na anụ ụlọ, anụ ụlọ nke sludge microorganisms na-arụ ọrụ nwere oke ntachi obi maka nnu ma na-enwe mmetụta maka mgbanwe na gburugburu ebe obibi.Mgbe gburugburu ion chloride gbanwere na mberede, ngbanwe nke microorganisms ga-apụ n'anya ozugbo.Ime ụlọ bụ naanị mgbanwe physiological nwa oge nke microorganisms iji mee mgbanwe na gburugburu ebe obibi na enweghị njirimara mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa.Mmetụta ngbanwe a na-emebi ọgwụgwọ nsị mmiri.
Oge nnabata nke sludge na-arụ ọrụ bụ ụbọchị 7-10.Acclimation nwere ike melite nnabata nke sludge microorganisms na ntinye nnu.Mbelata mkpokọta sludge na-arụ ọrụ n'oge mmalite nke nnabata bụ n'ihi mmụba nke ngwọta nnu na-emebi microorganisms na-akpata ọnwụ nke ụfọdụ microorganisms.Ọ na-egosi uto na-adịghị mma.N'oge ikpeazụ nke ụlọ, microorganisms ndị na-emegharị na gburugburu ebe obibi gbanwere na-amalite ịmụba, ya mere ntinye nke sludge na-arụ ọrụ na-abawanye.Na-ewere mwepụ nkeCODsite na sludge na-arụ ọrụ na 1.5% na 2.5% sodium chloride solution dị ka ihe atụ, ọnụego mwepụ COD na mmalite na njedebe njedebe bụ: 60%, 80% na 40%, 60% n'otu n'otu.
2. Ghichaa mmiri
Iji belata ntinye nke nnu n'ime usoro biochemical, enwere ike ịgbanye mmiri na-abata ka ọdịnaya nnu dị ala karịa uru njedebe nsị na-egbu egbu, a gaghị egbochikwa ọgwụgwọ nke ndu.Uru ya bụ na usoro ahụ dị mfe ma dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ na jikwaa;mwepu ya bụ na ọ na-abawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nhazi, ntinye akụrụngwa na ụgwọ ọrụ.;
3. Họrọ nje bacteria na-anabata nnu
Nje bacteria halotolerant bụ okwu n'ozuzu maka nje bacteria nwere ike ịnagide nnukwu nnu.N'ụlọ ọrụ, ha na-abụkarị ụdị mkpado a na-enyocha ma mee ka ọ baa ọgaranya.Ugbu a, enwere ike ịnabata ọdịnaya nnu kachasị elu na ihe dịka 5% ma nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma.A na-ewerekwa ya dị ka ụdị mmiri mkpofu nwere nnukwu nnu.Usoro ọgwụgwọ biochemical!
4. Họrọ usoro ezi uche dị na ya
A na-ahọrọ usoro ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche maka nchịkọta dị iche iche nke ion ion chloride, na usoro anaerobic ahọpụtara nke ọma iji belata ntachi obi nke ion ion chloride na ngalaba aerobic na-esote.;
Mgbe salinity karịrị 5g/L, evaporation na itinye uche maka desalination bụ ụzọ kachasị dị irè ma dị irè.Ụzọ ndị ọzọ, dị ka ụzọ maka ịzụlite nje bacteria nwere nnu, nwere nsogbu ndị siri ike ịrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.
Ụlọ ọrụ Lianhua nwere ike ịnye onye nyocha COD ngwa ngwa iji nwalee mmiri mkpofu nnu dị elu n'ihi na reagent kemịkalụ anyị nwere ike ichebe iri puku kwuru iri puku nnyonye anya ion chloride.
Oge nzipu: Jan-25-2024
